For any aircraft owner, understanding who is authorized to perform specific inspections is paramount to ensuring safety, airworthiness, and regulatory compliance. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has clear guidelines outlining the qualifications and responsibilities of individuals and entities involved in aircraft maintenance. From routine pre-flight checks to comprehensive annual inspections, each type of inspection demands a particular level of certification and expertise. As an aviation mechanic business specializing in single-engine and twin-piston aircraft, The Aero Center is dedicated to providing clarity on these vital regulations and ensuring your aircraft receives the highest standard of care.
THE BASICS: A&P MECHANICS AND INSPECTION AUTHORIZATIONS
At the heart of aircraft maintenance are FAA-certificated Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) mechanics. An A&P certificate signifies that a mechanic has met rigorous standards in both airframe (aircraft structure) and powerplant (engine) maintenance. To earn this certificate, candidates must typically complete an FAA-approved aviation maintenance technician school or accumulate extensive practical experience, followed by passing written, oral, and practical exams. An A&P mechanic is authorized to perform maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations on aircraft.
However, not all A&P mechanics can perform every type of inspection. For certain critical inspections, an additional authorization is required: the Inspection Authorization (IA). An IA is a highly sought-after certification held by experienced A&P mechanics who have demonstrated an even deeper understanding of aviation regulations, inspection procedures, and airworthiness standards. To obtain an IA, an A&P mechanic must hold both airframe and powerplant ratings for at least three years, have been actively engaged in aircraft maintenance for a minimum of two years, and pass a comprehensive written examination. An IA allows a mechanic to perform annual inspections, return aircraft to service after major repairs or alterations, and supervise progressive inspection programs.
ANNUAL INSPECTIONS: THE IA’S DOMAIN
The annual inspection is arguably the most critical and comprehensive inspection for most general aviation aircraft. Mandated by the FAA annually, regardless of how often the aircraft is flown, this inspection ensures the aircraft meets all airworthiness requirements. Due to its thorough nature and the critical importance of ensuring continued airworthiness, only an FAA-certificated A&P mechanic holding a valid Inspection Authorization (IA) can perform and sign off on an annual inspection. This ensures that a highly qualified and experienced individual has meticulously examined every aspect of the aircraft.
100-HOUR INSPECTIONS: FOR HIRE OPERATIONS
Distinct from the annual inspection, the 100-hour inspection is specifically required for aircraft that carry passengers for hire or are used for flight instruction, and have accumulated 100 hours of flight time since their last inspection. While just as thorough as an annual inspection in scope, the key difference lies in who can sign off on it. A 100-hour inspection can be performed and approved for return to service by any FAA-certificated A&P mechanic. An IA is not required for a 100-hour inspection, though an IA certainly has the authority to perform one. This distinction allows for greater flexibility for operators who frequently accrue flight hours in commercial or instructional settings.
PROGRESSIVE INSPECTIONS: CUSTOMIZED MAINTENANCE PLANS
For aircraft with high utilization, such as those in commercial operations or flight schools, a progressive inspection program can be a highly efficient alternative to the traditional annual and 100-hour inspections. A progressive inspection divides the comprehensive annual inspection into smaller, more frequent phases. This allows the aircraft to remain in service for longer periods, reducing downtime significantly. However, implementing a progressive inspection program requires a written request to the local FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) and must adhere to a detailed schedule that ensures the entire aircraft is inspected within a 12-calendar-month period. An A&P mechanic with an IA is often involved in setting up and overseeing such a program, ensuring all regulatory requirements are met and the aircraft remains continuously airworthy.
PRE-PURCHASE INSPECTIONS: A BUYER’S BEST FRIEND
While not a regulatory requirement for continued airworthiness, a pre-purchase inspection is an indispensable step for anyone considering buying an aircraft. This comprehensive assessment by an independent, qualified mechanic provides invaluable insight into the aircraft’s true condition, identifying potential issues that could lead to costly repairs down the line. While any A&P mechanic can perform a pre-purchase inspection, it is highly recommended to engage an experienced A&P mechanic, ideally one with an IA, who specializes in the specific make and model of aircraft you are considering. It is also crucial to select a mechanic or shop that has no prior affiliation with the aircraft or its current owner to ensure an unbiased evaluation. This due diligence can save buyers from unforeseen expenses and provide peace of mind.
THE AERO CENTER: YOUR TRUSTED MAINTENANCE PARTNER
At The Aero Center, we understand the intricacies of aircraft inspections and the critical role they play in aviation safety. Our team of highly skilled and FAA-certificated A&P mechanics, including those with Inspection Authorizations, are equipped to handle all your inspection needs for single-engine and twin-piston aircraft. We pride ourselves on our meticulous attention to detail, comprehensive reporting, and commitment to delivering the highest quality of service.
We are proud to serve all of California, Arizona, and Nevada, bringing our expertise directly to you. What truly sets The Aero Center apart is our commitment to minimizing your aircraft’s downtime. We are the only 24/7 aviation maintenance center in the region, meaning we can schedule inspections and maintenance around your operational needs, drastically reducing the time your aircraft spends on the ground. This round-the-clock availability ensures that your aircraft is ready when you need it, keeping you flying safely and efficiently.
Footnotes:
- Federal Aviation Administration. “14 CFR Part 65, Subpart D—Mechanics.” Accessed July 5, 2025. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-65/subpart-D
- Federal Aviation Administration. “14 CFR Part 43—Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, Rebuilding, and Alteration.” Accessed July 5, 2025. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-C/part-43
- Federal Aviation Administration. “14 CFR Part 91, Section 91.409—Inspections.” Accessed July 5, 2025. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-F/part-91/subpart-E/section-91.409
- AOPA. “Everything You Need to Know About Pre-Buy Inspections.” Accessed July 5, 2025. https://finance.aopa.org/resources/2022/december/23/everything-you-need-to-know-about-pre-buy-inspections
The Aero Center is located at William J. Fox Airfield KWJF | Lancaster, CA.. Contact us at 209.885.6950 for any questions or to schedule an appointment.